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Build cron schedules with human-readable descriptions and next run times
A cron expression is a five-field schedule format (minute, hour, day-of-month, month, day-of-week) used in Unix, Linux, and cloud platforms to define when recurring jobs should run. Special characters include * (every), / (step), , (list), and - (range).
Expression
0 * * * *
At minute 0
Next 5 Runs
| Field | Values | Special |
|---|---|---|
| Minute | 0 to 59 | * , - / |
| Hour | 0 to 23 | * , - / |
| Day (Month) | 1 to 31 | * , - / |
| Month | 1 to 12 | * , - / |
| Day (Week) | 0 to 6 (Sun=0) | * , - / |
Formula
┌──────── minute (0 to 59) ┌──────── hour (0 to 23) ┌──────── day of month (1 to 31) ┌──────── month (1 to 12) ┌──────── day of week (0 to 6)* = Every value in the field
/ = Step: e.g., */5 = every 5th value
, = List: e.g., 1,3,5 = specific values
- = Range: e.g., 1-5 = values 1 through 5
Worked Example
Run every weekday at 9:30 AM
Did you know? Cron was first introduced in Version 7 Unix in 1979 by Ken Thompson. The modern vixie-cron implementation used in most Linux distributions was written by Paul Vixie in 1987 and remains the standard today (source: IEEE Computer Society).
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