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Convert numbers between decimal, scientific notation, engineering notation, and E notation. Adjustable precision with physical constants reference.
Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers as a product of a coefficient (between 1 and 10) and a power of 10. It simplifies working with extremely large or small values common in science and engineering.
Convert a standard number to scientific notation.
| Constant | Scientific |
|---|---|
| Speed of light | 2.998 × 10⁸ |
| Planck constant | 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ |
| Avogadro number | 6.022 × 10²³ |
| Electron mass (kg) | 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ |
| Earth mass (kg) | 5.972 × 10²⁴ |
| Boltzmann constant | 1.381 × 10⁻²³ |
Formula
a × 10ⁿ where 1 ≤ |a| < 10a = the coefficient (significand), a number between 1 and 10
n = the exponent (integer), represents how many places the decimal moves
Worked Example
Convert 299,792,458 to scientific notation
Did you know? Archimedes was one of the first to develop a system for expressing extremely large numbers in his work 'The Sand Reckoner' (c. 250 BCE), where he estimated the number of grains of sand in the universe as 10⁶³ (source: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy).
Sources
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