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Convert between kg/m³, g/cm³, lb/ft³, and more. Includes material density reference.
Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume, typically expressed in kg/m³ or g/cm³. It determines whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid.
| Material | g/cm³ | lb/ft³ |
|---|---|---|
| Air (sea level) | 0.0012 | 0.075 |
| Oak wood | 0.75 | 47 |
| Water (4°C) | 1.00 | 62.4 |
| Concrete | 2.40 | 150 |
| Aluminum | 2.70 | 169 |
| Steel | 7.85 | 490 |
| Copper | 8.96 | 559 |
| Gold | 19.3 | 1,206 |
Divide kg/m³ by 1,000 to get g/cm³. Water is 1,000 kg/m³ = 1 g/cm³.
g/cm³ = kg/m³ ÷ 1,000
Multiply g/cm³ by 62.428 to get lb/ft³.
lb/ft³ = g/cm³ × 62.428
Density equals mass divided by volume. Rearrange to find mass or volume.
ρ = m ÷ V
Formula
ρ = m ÷ V | 1 g/cm³ = 1,000 kg/m³ | 1 lb/ft³ = 16.018 kg/m³ρ (rho) = Density in kg/m³ (SI base unit)
m = Mass in kilograms (kg)
V = Volume in cubic metres (m³)
g/cm³ = Grams per cubic centimetre — numerically equal to g/mL
Worked Example
Convert water density (1 g/cm³) to kg/m³
Did you know? The density of water (1 g/cm³ at 4°C) was used to define the original kilogram — a litre of water at its densest point has a mass of exactly 1 kg. Today the kilogram is defined by the Planck constant, but water's convenient density remains central to everyday science.
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